An inguinal hernia is one of the most common types of hernias, especially in adults. While it may start with mild discomfort or a visible bulge, it can raise many questions and concerns over time.
Understanding what an inguinal hernia is, how it develops and which treatment options exist can help you make informed decisions together with your doctor.
What is an inguinal hernia?
An inguinal hernia occurs when tissue — usually part of the intestine or fatty tissue — pushes through a weakened area in the lower abdominal wall near the groin. This creates a bulge that may become more noticeable when standing, coughing, lifting or exercising.
Inguinal hernias can develop on one side of the groin or on both sides. They are more common in men than in women, but they can affect people of all ages.
Common symptoms of an inguinal hernia
Symptoms vary from person to person. Some people notice very little at first, while others experience ongoing discomfort.
Common symptoms may include:
- A visible or palpable bulge in the groin area
- Discomfort or pressure when standing, bending or lifting
- A feeling of heaviness or weakness in the lower abdomen
- Mild pain or aching in the groin, especially after activity
In some cases, an inguinal hernia may cause little to no pain, but the bulge is still present.
What causes an inguinal hernia?
Inguinal hernias often develop due to a combination of muscle weakness and strain. Factors that may increase the risk include:
- Natural weakness in the abdominal wall
- Aging and loss of muscle strength
- Heavy lifting or repetitive physical strain
- Chronic coughing or constipation
- Previous abdominal surgery
Some people are born with a predisposition due to an incomplete closure of the abdominal wall, while others develop a hernia later in life.
When should you see a doctor?
If you suspect an inguinal hernia, it is important to consult a licensed physician for proper diagnosis.
Seek medical advice if you notice:
- A new or growing bulge in the groin
- Increasing discomfort or pain
- Changes in size or firmness of the bulge
Seek immediate medical attention if you experience sudden severe pain, redness, nausea, vomiting or a bulge that cannot be pushed back. These symptoms may indicate a medical emergency.
Treatment options for inguinal hernias
Treatment depends on the size of the hernia, symptoms and your overall health.
Common approaches include:
Watchful waiting
In cases where symptoms are mild, a doctor may recommend monitoring the hernia over time.
Surgical repair
Surgery is the only definitive treatment to repair an inguinal hernia. It may be recommended if symptoms worsen or complications arise.
Support garments
In consultation with a physician, some people use hernia support garments to help provide additional stability during daily activities. These garments do not treat the hernia itself, but may help some individuals feel more comfortable and supported while moving.
Living with an inguinal hernia
Many people continue their daily routines after being diagnosed with an inguinal hernia. Gentle movement, avoiding excessive strain and following medical advice are important.
Some individuals choose to use support garments as part of their overall care plan — for example while waiting for surgery or during recovery, if recommended by their doctor.
Final thoughts
An inguinal hernia is a common condition that should always be evaluated by a medical professional. Understanding your symptoms and treatment options allows you to make informed decisions together with your healthcare provider.
If you have concerns or questions about daily activities, treatment options or supportive measures, speaking openly with your doctor is the best first step.